01789nam a22001097a 4500100009000000245014500090260006500235300000800300520121700308650005701525856009701582  a	O’Hare, Bernadette Makuta, Innocent Bar-Zeev , Naor Chiwaula, Levison Cobham, Alex  aThe effect of illicit financial flows on time to reach the fourth Millennium Development Goal in Sub-Saharan Africa: a quantitative analysis  aBethesda: bJournal of the Royal Society of Medicine,c2014.  a9p.  aThe paper sets out to estimate the cost of IFF in terms of the amount of time it could take to reach the fourth Millennium Development Goal (MDG) in 34 African countries.The design include calculated  percentage increases in gross domestic product (GDP) if IFFs were curtailed using IFF/GDP ratios.  Income (GDP) elasticity of child mortality was applied  to the  increase in GDP to estimate the reduction in time to reach the fourth MDG in 34 African countries.Participants included children aged less than five years in  34 countries in SSA.The main outcome measures include reduction in time to reach the first indicator of the fourth MDG, under-five mortality rate in the absence of IFF.The research found out that in the 34 SSA countries, six countries will achieve their fourth MDG target at the current rates of decline. In the absence of IFF, 16 countries would reach their fourth MDG target by 2015 and there would be large reductions for all other countries.The main conclusions were that his drain on development is facilitated by financial secrecy in other jurisdictions. Rich and poor countries alike must stem the haemorrhage of IFF by taking decisive steps towards improving financial transparency  aAID, CAPITAL FLIGHT, CAPITAL OUTFLOW, ILLICIT WEALTH  uhttp://iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/the_effect_of_iffs_on_time_to_reach_the_4th_mdg.pdf