Christensen, John creator text Spain Real Instituto Elcano 2009 monographic 24p Corruption is widely recognised as harmful to sustainable development. Less well recognised, however, is that secrecy jurisdictions (also known as tax havens) and the bankers, lawyers and accountants who operate from these jurisdictions, actively encourage and support corrupt practices by facilitating illicit financial flows through an ‘offshore interface’ between the illicit and licit economies. Financial market liberalisation has contributed to this problem by not addressing the ‘secrecy space’ comprised by banking secrecy, non-disclosure of ownership of corporations and other legal entities, lack of accounting transparency for multinational companies, and the lack of provisions for effective exchange of information between national authorities Corruption Tax Evasion Transparency Illicit Wealth Capital Inflow Capital Outflow http://iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/africa's_bane-_tax_havens,_capital_flight_and_the_corruption_interface.pdf http://iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/africa's_bane-_tax_havens,_capital_flight_and_the_corruption_interface.pdf