The Impacts of Illicit Financial Flows on Peace and Security in Africa Cobham, Alex Corruption A range of estimates of illicit financial flows confirm that the problem facing Africa is large, and has grown substantially. Annual losses in recent years range as high as $100 billion, and for many countries the long-­‐term average has exceeded 10% of recorded GDP. Even allowing for substantial uncertainty in estimates of flows whose defining characteristic is that they are hidden, the order of magnitude is dramatic. USA GFI 2008 2008 Text 36p http://iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/the_impacts_of_illicit_financial_flows_on_peace_and_security_in_africa.pdf