Bird, Lucia creator text Switzerland Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime 2020 monographic 34p. The policy brief, produced by Global Initiative reports on how the efforts to counter the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced migration and the smuggling business in many regions as countries imposed unprecedented restrictions on movement both at borders and within countries. The brief highlights that it is key to monitor and mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on migrants and refugees throughout the pandemic to avoid emerging into a post-pandemic landscape characterized by a dramatically more severe migrant crisis and a more lucrative and professionalized smuggling market controlled by organized crime. Smuggling, Human Trafficking iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/GIATOC-Policy-Brief-003-Smuggling-COVID.pdf iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/GIATOC-Policy-Brief-003-Smuggling-COVID.pdf