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  <leader>01105nam a22001337a 4500</leader>
  <datafield tag="100" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Bird, Lucia</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="245" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Smuggling in the time of COVID-19: The impact of the pandemic on human-smuggling dynamics and migrant-protection risks</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Switzerland</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime </subfield>
    <subfield code="c">2020</subfield>
  </datafield>
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    <subfield code="a">34p.</subfield>
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  <datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">The policy brief, produced by Global Initiative reports on how the efforts to counter the COVID-19 pandemic has reduced migration and the smuggling business in many regions as countries imposed unprecedented restrictions on movement both at borders and within countries. The brief highlights that it is key to monitor and mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on migrants and refugees throughout the pandemic to avoid emerging into a post-pandemic landscape characterized by a dramatically more severe migrant crisis and a more lucrative and professionalized smuggling market controlled by organized crime. </subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Smuggling, Human Trafficking</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="856" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="u">iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/GIATOC-Policy-Brief-003-Smuggling-COVID.pdf</subfield>
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    <subfield code="c">CF</subfield>
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    <subfield code="c">1105</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">1105</subfield>
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