Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development creator text Paris Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2018 monographic 8p. This report, published by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development examines governance frameworks to counter illicit trade. It looks at the adequacy and effectiveness of sanctions and penalties applicable, the steps parties engaged in illicit trade take to lower the risk of detection for example through small shipments and the use of free trade zones as hubs for managing trade in illicit products. The report provides an overview of selected enforcement issues in BRICS economies (these are Brazil, China, India, Russia and South Africa). Illicit Trade iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/governance-frameworks-to-counter-illicit-trade.pdf iffoadatabase.trustafrica.org/iff/governance-frameworks-to-counter-illicit-trade.pdf