The research paper tackles definitional issues related to illicit financial flows that include IFF vs Capital flight and the causes or indicators of IFFs.The paper articulates mechanisms as well as the facilitators of IFF’s.Other key related areas of IFFs articulated include transfer pricing, trade misinvoicing and Base Erosion Profit Shifting(BEPS).An “illicit financial flow” ranges from something as simple as a private individual transferring funds into his/her account abroad without having paid taxes on the funds, to highly complex money laundering schemes involving criminal networks setting up multi-layered multijurisdictional structures to hide ownership and transfer stolen funds.
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